Arab-Indo Ties-2 - Arabic Numerals Are the Origin of India's

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Arab-Indo Ties (2)

In the following we continue the excerptions from the Sri Lankan site:

• "Colombo [the Sri Lankan capital] which has a substantial Moslem population even today, was predominantly Moslem when the Portuguese arrived in Sri Lanka in 1505".

• "Moslems of Arab and Arab- Indian descent married local women in Sri Lanka. They mostly took Tamil wives because the Tamils populated the coast and were the local traders too".

• "The Portuguese chronicler, Duartes Barbossa, wrote in the 16th century [1550 AD, in average] that in the port of Colombo, the Moslems spoke a mixture of Arabic and Tamil and used the Arabic script to write Tamil, that came to be known as: Arabic Tamil. Many Moslems in the Sinhala-majority areas now say that their mother tongue is Arabic Tamil". [The Tamil - who commercially and in alliance contacted with Arabs - replacing their script with the Arabic script in writing their local language is verily another strong proof to Indian receiving from Arabs, not the contrary…].

• "The arrival of the Portuguese in 1505 had a devastating impact on the Moslems of Sri Lanka because the Portuguese saw them as rivals in Asian and Euro-Asiatic trade. The Portuguese took on the Moslems both on the Kerala [Today Indian state] Coast and Sri Lanka, with an intention to drive them out, cripple them or decimate them. Force was used unabashedly, though traders in the Asian region, including the Arabs and Arab-Indian/Ceylon Moslems, were men of peace and never used force".

• "On hearing that Moslem ships were dodging the Portuguese men-of-war by going to the Gulf via the Maldives, the Portuguese Governor in Goa [An Indian region on the western coast - opposite to Arabian Sea] sent nine armed ships under the command of his son Don Laurenco de Almeida to decimate them. But because of bad navigation, the Portuguese commander landed in Colombo instead!".

• "The Portuguese began to persecute the Moslems of Colombo from the word go. The Zamorin [ruler] of Calicut [the Indian], who had a lot of problems with the high handed Portuguese in Kerala [the Indian region], sent a fleet of ships to help the Moslems of Colombo resist the Portuguese. But this did not prevent the Portuguese from virtually driving the Moslems out of the western seaboard of Sri Lanka. Taking pity on them, the Sinhala king of Kandy, Senarat, gave them land to cultivate on the Eastern coast. So, Moslems traders became peasants overnight".

Here, from the webpage of "Qanat Almajd Alwatha'eqiyat قناة المجد الوثائقية", whose address is:

www.majddoc.com/main.aspx?function=Item&id=12715&lang=
I add that: "In the early 16^th century (1500 AD), a Portuguese fleet has fully destroyed "Qalhatt قلحات" harbour - save parts of its wall, situated on the Arabian Gulf in Sultanate of Oman. That harbour had flourished after Christ, and gloriously been described by both the Italian Marco Polo, and the Moslem globetrotter "Ben-Battoota بن بطوطة".
Qalhatt was not the only harbour to receive such fate; near "Salalat صلالة" town, southern of Oman too, "Zofar ظُفار", or "Albolaid البُلَيْد" - as named later on - is situated. This harbour too has witnessed the bypass of Marco Polo, who has described it as a great and noble town that contained a great number of ships. Unquote.

So, commercial connections of old Yemen (modern Yemen and Oman) with India since the dawn of history via Arabian Sea are testified enough by the Portuguese navigator, Vasco de Gama, having sought help with the Yemeni captain, Ahmad Ben-Majed, to guide him to the sea route to India in 1498 AD.

And ancient Iraq's connections - in particular - to India via Arabian Gulf are testified enough by, not only existence of 3 roads in an old district of Singapore which bear the names: "Baghdad Str.", "Busra Str.", and the third: "Arab Str." (At least till 1982), but also the monuments Bahrain contains that date back to the 3rd century BC, indicating existence of commercial relations with Sumerians (southern of Iraq), representing - Bahrain - an important position and connection point between Busra (Basra - in Iraq) and Indian and Persian habrours.

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•	"Colombo [the Sri Lankan capital] which has a substantial Moslem population even today, was predominantly Moslem when the Portuguese arrived in Sri Lanka in 1505".
•	"Moslems of Arab and Arab- Indian descent married local women in Sri Lanka. They mostly took Tamil wives because the Tamils populated the coast and were the local traders too".
•	"The Portuguese chronicler, Duartes Barbossa, wrote in the 16th century [1550 AD, in average] that in the port of Colombo, the Moslems spoke a mixture of Arabic and Tamil and used the Arabic script to write Tamil, that came to be known as: Arabic Tamil. Many Moslems in the Sinhala-majority areas now say that their mother tongue is Arabic Tamil". [The Tamil - who commercially and in alliance contacted with Arabs - replacing their script with the Arabic script in writing their local language is verily another strong proof to Indian receiving from Arabs, not the contrary…].
•	"The arrival of the Portuguese in 1505 had a devastating impact on the Moslems of Sri Lanka because the Portuguese saw them as rivals in Asian and Euro-Asiatic trade. The Portuguese took on the Moslems both on the Kerala [Today Indian state] Coast and Sri Lanka, with an intention to drive them out, cripple them or decimate them. Force was used unabashedly, though traders in the Asian region, including the Arabs and Arab-Indian/Ceylon Moslems, were men of peace and never used force".
•	"On hearing that Moslem ships were dodging the Portuguese men-of-war by going to the Gulf via the Maldives, the Portuguese Governor in Goa [An Indian region on the western coast - opposite to Arabian Sea] sent nine armed ships under the command of his son Don Laurenco de Almeida to decimate them. But because of bad navigation, the Portuguese commander landed in Colombo instead!".
•	"The Portuguese began to persecute the Moslems of Colombo from the word go. The Zamorin [ruler] of Calicut [the Indian], who had a lot of problems with the high handed Portuguese in Kerala [the Indian region], sent a fleet of ships to help the Moslems of Colombo resist the Portuguese. But this did not prevent the Portuguese from virtually driving the Moslems out of the western seaboard of Sri Lanka. Taking pity on them, the Sinhala king of Kandy, Senarat, gave them land to cultivate on the Eastern coast. So, Moslems traders became peasants overnight".